nvim 命令详解

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nvim 命令是基于 Vim 的程序员的文本编辑器，它提供了几种用于不同类型文本处理的模式。按 i 进入编辑模式。Esc 返回正常模式，该模式不允许常规文本插入。

nvim 命令安装：

-bash/zsh: nvim command not found

#Windows (WSL2)
sudo apt-get install neovim

#Windows 
choco install neovim --Chocolatey
scoop install neovim --Scoop Release

#Scoop Development (pre-release):
scoop bucket add versions
scoop install neovim-nightly

#Debian
apt-get install neovim

#Ubuntu
apt-get install neovim

#Alpine
apk add neovim

#Arch Linux
pacman -S neovim

#CentOS 7 / RHEL 7
yum install -y https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
yum install -y neovim python36-neovim

# you might need python2-neovim as well on older Fedora releases

#Kali Linux
apt-get install neovim

#Fedora
dnf install neovim

#OS X
brew install neovim

#Raspbian
apt-get install neovim

#Docker
docker run cmd.cat/nvim nvim

#Flatpak
flatpak install flathub io.neovim.nvim
flatpak run io.neovim.nvim

#Gentoo Linux
emerge -a app-editors/neovim

#GNU Guix
guix install neovim

#Mageia 7
urpmi neovim

#Dockerfile
dockerfile.run/nvim

#Docker
docker run cmd.cat/nvim nvim

nvim 命令补充说明：

“Neovim 正是它声称的那样。它解决了我与Vim有关的每个问题。” - Geoff Greer
“用于插件和配置的Lua非常好。我喜欢它。” - @Wolfy87
“一个漂亮的网站，这是Neovim做对的事情。” - Bram Moolenaar

nvim 命令语法：

nvim  [options] [file ...]

nvim  [options] -

nvim  [options] -t tag

nvim  [options] -q [errorfile]

nvim 命令文件：

~/.config/nvim/init.vim
User-local nvim 配置文件

~/.config/nvim
User-local nvim configuration directory. See also XDG_CONFIG_HOME.

$VIM/sysinit.vim
System-global nvim 配置文件

/usr/local/share/nvim
System-global nvim runtime 目录.

nvim 命令选项：

-t tag
Finds tag in the tags file, the associated file becomes the current file and the associated command is executed. Cursor is positioned at the tag location in the file. :help tag-commands

-q [errorfile]
QuickFix mode. Display the first error in errorfile. If errorfile is omitted, the value of the 'errorfile' option is used (defaults to errors.err). Further errors can be jumped to with the :cnext command. :help quickfix
--
End of options. Remaining arguments are treated as literal file names, including filenames starting with hyphen (‘-’).

-e
Ex mode, reading stdin as Ex commands. :help Ex-mode

-E
Ex mode, reading stdin as text. :help Ex-mode

-es
Silent (non-interactive) Ex mode, reading stdin as Ex commands. Useful for scripting because it does NOT start a UI, unlike -e. :help silent-mode

-Es
Silent (non-interactive) Ex mode, reading stdin as text. Useful for scripting because it does NOT start a UI, unlike -E. :help silent-mode

-d
Diff mode. Show the difference between two to four files, similar to sdiff(1). :help diff

-R
Read-only mode. Sets the 'readonly' option. Implies -n. Buffers can still be edited, but cannot be written to disk if already associated with a file. To overwrite a file, add an exclamation mark to the relevant Ex command, such as :w!. :help 'readonly'

-Z
Restricted mode. Disable commands that make use of an external shell.

-m
Resets the 'write' option, to disable file modifications. Writing to a file is disabled, but buffers can still be modified.

-M
Resets the 'write' and 'modifiable' options, to disable file and buffer modifications.

-b
Binary mode. :help edit-binary

-l
Lisp mode. Sets the 'lisp' and 'showmatch' options.

-A
Arabic mode. Sets the 'arabic' option.

-H
Hebrew mode. Sets the 'hkmap' and 'rightleft' options.

-V[N][file]
Verbose mode. Prints debug messages. N is the 'verbose' level, defaults to 10. If file is specified, append messages to file instead of printing them. :help 'verbose'

-D
Debug mode for VimL (Vim script). Started when executing the first command from a script. :help debug-mode

-n
Disable the use of swap files. Sets the 'updatecount' option to 0. Can be useful for editing files on a slow medium.

-r [file]
Recovery mode. If file is omitted then list swap files with recovery information. Otherwise the swap file file is used to recover a crashed session. The swap file has the same name as the file it's associated with, but with ‘.swp’ appended. :help recovery

-L [file]
Alias for -r.

-u vimrc
Use vimrc instead of the default ~/.config/nvim/init.vim. If vimrc is NORC, do not load any initialization files (except plugins), and do not attempt to parse environment variables. If vimrc is NONE, loading plugins is also skipped. :help initialization

-i shada
Use shada instead of the default ~/.local/share/nvim/shada/main.shada. If shada is NONE, do not read or write a ShaDa file. :help shada

--noplugin
Skip loading plugins. Implied by -u NONE.

--clean
Skip loading plugins and shada (viminfo) file.

-o[N]
Open N windows stacked horizontally. If N is omitted, open one window for each file. If N is less than the number of file arguments, allocate windows for the first N files and hide the rest.

-O[N]
Like -o, but tile windows vertically.

-p[N]
Like -o, but for tab pages.

+[linenum]
For the first file, position the cursor on line linenum. If linenum is omitted, position the cursor on the last line of the file. +5 and -c 5 on the command-line are equivalent to :5 inside nvim.

+/[pattern]
For the first file, position the cursor on the first occurrence of pattern. If pattern is omitted, the most recent search pattern is used (if any). +/foo and -c /foo on the command-line are equivalent to /foo and :/foo inside nvim. :help search-pattern
+command, -c command
Execute command after reading the first file. Up to 10 instances allowed. “+foo” and -c "foo" are equivalent.

--cmd command
Like -c, but execute command before processing any vimrc. Up to 10 instances of these can be used independently from instances of -c.

-S [session]
Source session after the first file argument has been read. Equivalent to -c "source session". session cannot start with a hyphen (‘-’). If session is omitted then Session.vim is used, if found. :help session-file

-s scriptin
Read normal mode commands from scriptin. The same can be done with the command :source! scriptin. If the end of the file is reached before nvim exits, further characters are read from the keyboard.

-w scriptout
Append all typed characters to scriptout. Can be used for creating a script to be used with -s or :source!.

-W scriptout
Like -w, but truncate scriptout.

--startuptime file
During startup, append timing messages to file. Can be used to diagnose slow startup times.

--api-info
Dump API metadata serialized to msgpack and exit.

--embed
Use standard input and standard output as a msgpack-rpc channel. :help --embed

--headless
Do not start a UI. When supplied with --embed this implies that the embedding application does not intend to (immediately) start a UI. Also useful for "scraping" messages in a pipe. :help --headless

--listen address
Start RPC server on this pipe or TCP socket.

-h, --help
Print usage information and exit.

-v, --version
Print version information and exit.